Why it matters
Hazard and risk are routinely used interchangeably and are not the same thing. A hazard is a potential; risk is that potential combined with how likely it is to be realised and how bad it would be. Monitoring systems detect hazards; risk is what you decide about them.
How it works
Industrial hazards are usually grouped by mechanism: combustible atmospheres, toxic atmospheres, thermal hazards, mechanical failure, electrical faults and ergonomic or process hazards. Each group has characteristic precursors, and it is the precursors rather than the hazards themselves that a monitoring system can usefully detect.
Example
Solvent vapour accumulating in a poorly ventilated paint-mixing area is a hazard. It becomes an incident when it reaches an ignition source.
In Alfa HazardX
Alfa HazardX targets the hazard classes a single multi-sensor node can plausibly cover: combustible and toxic gas, flame, excess heat, degraded air quality and mechanical failure signatures.